Managing MS Symptoms

Cognitive Impairment

Cognitive changes can be one of the earliest manifestations of the demyelination associated with MS and will affect about 40% of people with MS to varying degrees. The rate and extent of ongoing deterioration is highly variable and is likely associated with brain lesion load. Cognitive dysfunction can present in many ways. Memory problems, especially short term memory, are the most common. Cognition frequently plays a role in a person's difficulty or inability to function in the workplace. Comprehensive diagnosis of cognitive problems requires assessment by a neuropsychologist, but an occupational therapist can often offer compensatory strategies to help management. It is also important to note that cognitive symptoms may be exacerbated by fatigue and /or depression and management of these issues may help lessen the burden of cognitive dysfunction.

There are many testing methods, depending on what cognitive function needs to be evaluated. Cognitive disturbance holds little or no correlation with disease severity or duration.

Key Healthcare Professionals:
Family physician, MS nurse, psychologist, neuropsychologist, occupational therapist speech/language pathologist

Symptom Management:
Management of cognitive dysfunction focuses on development of compensatory strategies. This requires assessments of strengths and weaknesses in order to identify compensatory possibilities. These may include development of routines, use of calendars, and use of recording devices. Family involvement is important in the development of a plan.

Other Resources:
Cognitive Change and MS
MS Society of Canada publication.

An MS Society of Canada website that provides information on a variety of topics. Information is provided by a range of North American experts who respond to inquires from individuals affected by MS.

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